Work

4D virtual patient using an optical jaw tracking system and a face scanner

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: This article presents a technique report that aims to describe step-by-step the workflow for the creation of a four-dimensional (4D) virtual patient without the use of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). A complete digital protocol using an intraoral scanner and an optical kinesiograph jaw tracking system (JTS) in combination with a single-shot facial scanner is presented. This procedure avoids the use of CBCT to digitally position the maxilla of the patient in the correct 3D position in relation to the hinge axis and then into a semi-adjustable virtual articulator. This workflow was developed to overcome the limits of kinesiograph JTS in the construction of a 4D virtual patient. Future research is needed to assess applicability and effectiveness of the technique in specific rehabilitative cases, particularly in patients with altered occlusal vertical dimension. The individual mandibular dynamics recorded may be integrated within digital design environments for illustrative and planning purposes.

Source: Digital Dentistry Journal

DOI: 10.1016/j.ddj.2026.100070