Growth and dry matter production characteristics of high-yielding, high-oil, and high oleic acid peanut varieties
Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: This study compared the growth dynamics, dry matter accumulation, yield components, and oil accumulation characteristics of three high-oleic-acid peanut varieties—Jihua 915, Jihua 19, and Jihua 521—during the 2023 and 2024 growing seasons. The aim was to provide a theoretical basis for understanding the mechanisms underlying high yield, high oil content, and high oleic acid levels. Results showed that yield followed the order: Jihua 915 > Jihua 19 > Jihua 521. Jihua 915 exhibited a shorter plant height (< 40 cm), an optimal peak leaf area index (about 5.6), and a well-structured above-ground canopy. After pod initiation, Jihua 915 also demonstrated significantly higher crop growth rate, net assimilation rate, pod growth rate, and pod dry matter distribution ratio (48.75%) compared to the other two varieties. Although Jihua 521 had a large leaf area index and high photosynthetic potential during the growth period, its excessively dense canopy structure resulted in a lower allocation of dry matter to pods and reduced yield. Jihua 19 showed intermediate performance across all traits. In terms of oil and oleic acid content, Jihua 915 and Jihua 19 were comparable and both superior to Jihua 521. The peak accumulation rates of oil and oleic acid in Jihua 915 and Jihua 19 were significantly higher than those in Jihua 521, although their accumulation periods were relatively short. The superior performance of Jihua 915—characterized by optimal canopy architecture, efficient dry matter allocation to pods, and rapid accumulation of oil and oleic acid—was a key contributor to its high yield and quality. The results can provide theoretical basis for breeding new peanut varieties and formulating cultivation technique.
Source: ACTA AGRONOMICA SINICA
Authors: Xin-Xin Jin, Ya-Hui Song, Qiao Su, Yong-Qing Yang, Jin Wang
Institution: Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
Language: English
Subfield: Plant Science
Domain: Life Sciences
SDG: Zero hunger
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $941
OpenAlex ID: W7125631986
FWCI:
Cites:
Cited by:
Related to: