High Prevalence and Genotypic Diversity of Persistent Chlamydia Trachomatis Infections Among South African Adolescent Girls and Young Women: A Tale of Two Cities
Year: 2026
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is the most common sexually transmitted bacterial infection globally, significantly affecting adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) in South Africa. This study investigated CT prevalence and genotypic diversity among 298 AGYW from Cape Town and Johannesburg, revealing an overall prevalence of 29.5%. Prevalence was higher in Cape Town (41.6%) compared to Johannesburg (17.4%; P < .0001). Genetic analysis identified 34 sequence types, including 15 novel variants. Longitudinal data highlighted frequent reinfections or persistent infections despite treatment. These findings underscore the importance of addressing CT's genetic diversity for improved reproductive health strategies and vaccine development.
Institutions: University of Cape Town, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, National Health Laboratory Service, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, South African Medical Research Council, University of the Witwatersrand, The University of Sydney, Western Sydney Local Health District, University of Washington, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, GGD Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam, Groote Schuur Hospital
Language: English
Subfield: Microbiology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $4,763
OpenAlex ID: W7126044006