Real-Time Acceleration Estimation for Low-Thrust Spacecraft Using a Dual-Layer Filter and an Interacting Multiple Model
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Orbit determination for non-cooperative targets represents a significant focus of research within the domain of space situational awareness. In contrast to cooperative targets, non-cooperative targets do not provide their orbital parameters, necessitating the use of observation data for accurate orbit determination. The increasing prevalence of low-cost, low-thrust spacecraft has heightened the demand for advancements in real-time orbit determination and parameter estimation for low-thrust maneuvers. This paper presents a novel dual-layer filter approach designed to facilitate real-time acceleration estimation for non-cooperative targets. Initially, the method employs a square-root cubature Kalman filter (SRCKF) to handle the nonlinearity of the system and a Jerk model to address the challenges in acceleration modeling, thereby yielding a preliminary estimation of the acceleration produced by the thruster of the non-cooperative target. Subsequently, a specialized filtering structure is established for the estimated acceleration, and two filtering frameworks are integrated into a dual-layer filter model via the cubature transform, significantly enhancing the estimation accuracy of acceleration parameters. Finally, to adapt to the potential on/off states of the thrusters, the Interacting Multiple Model (IMM) algorithm is employed to bolster the robustness of the proposed solution. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method in achieving real-time orbit determination and acceleration estimation.
Source: Aerospace
Authors: Zipeng Wu, Peng Zhang, Fanghua Jiang
Institutions: Tsinghua University, State Grid Corporation of China (China)
Language: English
Subfield: Aerospace Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,896
Award: G778566137
OpenAlex ID: W7126080520