Flexible radiochromic films based on 10.12-pentacosadiynoic acid-doped ionogel enabling 2D real time dosimetry
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: In this work, we report the development and characterization of a new flexible radiochromic film based on 10.12-pentacosadiynoic acid (10.12-PCDA) embedded in an ionogel (IG) matrix. Designed for real-time, in-situ 2D dosimetry, the film integrates all components within a single, flexible layer. This enhances its adaptability to curved and irregular surfaces and facilitates adjustment to patient morphology. The ionogels were produced by immobilizing the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (BMIM TFSI) within a polymeric matrix of Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-co-HFP), achieving thin (100 μm) and flexible (Young’s modulus of 4 MPa) films. Ionogels were doped with the radiochromic molecule 10.12-PCDA, achieving a maximum concentration of 8.2 wt.% in the film, which confers it with high sensitivity to radiation. Dose response calibration was performed with a 90 kV microfocus X-ray source and revealed a strong correlation between changes in the optical density of the films irradiated and radiation dose, with the most sensitive formulation (8.2 wt.% 10.12-PCDA, IL/polymer ratio 3:1) displaying a detection limit of 0.25 Gy. The radiochromic properties of these films, combined with a customised opto-mechanical setup and open-source colour analysis software, enable a system for 2D and real-time dosimetry with a spatial resolution of 1 mm. The films demonstrated excellent flexibility, mechanical stability post-irradiation, and reliable dose distribution assessment on curved surfaces (90 to 180° curvature angle). These results position 10.12-PCDA@IG films as promising candidates for in vivo dosimetry on the patient skin. • Development of flexible sensors based on 10.12-PCDA ionogels combined with an easy optical readout for colorimetric radiation detection. • Integration into a thin, flexible ionogel, suitable for curved surfaces and wearables. • Linear response at doses of 0.25–10 Gy with spatial resolution of 1 mm. • Possibility of real-time monitoring through simple and cheap optical analysis.
Source: Radiation Measurements
Language: English
Subfield: Radiation
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $3,690
Funders: Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, European Commission, Generalitat de Catalunya, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Fundación General CSIC, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca, Comisión Sectorial de Investigación Científica, European Regional Development Fund, Agencia Estatal de Investigación
Awards: G1105844351, G1175115578, G121809054, G1512391773, G1608292298, G1622782223, G1625187888, G1755206311, G1855990336, G2036346801, G2064873908, G2262748287, G2309174360, G24120701, G252646220, G2571386052, G2601397997, G2660406951, G288263039, G294895050, G2957630675, G3005324705, G300979063, G314714888, G3461529875, G3480869486, G3556446641, G3681454997, G4042783231, G410571670, G425668148, G430777504, G451917667, G491712853, G5080475149, G5195188938, G523076202, G5421974903, G5539308778, G5852091828, G593054264, G5931844771, G5967599077, G6033112984, G6146959644, G650421570, G7084143925, G7805626310, G7863371703, G787121397, G8497050386, G8920660035, G99296377
OpenAlex ID: W7127110505