Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: Aims. We present analyses of six microlensing events: KMT-2023-BLG-0548, KMT-2023-BLG-0830, KMT-2023-BLG-0949, KMT-2024-BLG-1281, KMT-2024-BLG-2059, and KMT-2024-BLG-2242. These were identified in KMTNet data from the 2023–2024 seasons, selected for exhibiting anomalies shorter than one day – potential signatures of low-mass planetary companions. Motivated by this, we conducted detailed investigations to characterize the nature of the observed perturbations. Methods. Detailed modeling of the light curves reveals that the anomalies in all six events are caused by planetary companions to the lenses. The brief durations of the anomalies are attributed to various factors: a low planet-to-host mass ratio (KMT-2024-BLG-2059, KMT-2024-BLG-2242), a wide planet-host separation (KMT-2023-BLG-0548), small and elongated caustics restricting the source’s interaction region (KMT-2023-BLG-0830, KMT-2024-BLG-1281), and a partial caustic crossing (KMT-2023-BLG-0949). Results. We estimated the physical parameters of the lens systems using Bayesian analysis. For KMT-2023-BLG-0548, the posterior distribution of the lens mass shows two distinct peaks: a low-mass solution indicating a sub-Jovian planet orbiting an M dwarf in the Galactic disk, and a high-mass solution suggesting a super-Jovian planet around a K-type dwarf in the bulge. KMT-2023-BLG-0830 hosts a Neptune-mass planet orbiting an M dwarf in the Galactic bulge. KMT-2023-BLG-0949 involves a super-Jovian planet orbiting a ~0.5 M⊙ host located at ~6 kpc. KMT-2024-BLG-2059Lb is a super-Earth with a mass about seven times that of Earth, orbiting an early M dwarf of ~0.5 M⊙. KMT-2024-BLG-1281L hosts a planet slightly more massive than Neptune, orbiting an M dwarf of ~0.3 M⊙. The short timescale and small angular Einstein radius of KMT-2024-BLG-2242 suggest a ~0.07 M⊙ primary, likely a brown dwarf, with a planet of Uranus- or Neptune-like mass.
Authors: Cheongho Han, Chung-Uk Lee, Andrzej Udalski, Ian A. Bond, Michael D. Albrow, Sun-Ju Chung, Andrew Gould, Youn Kil Jung, Kyu-Ha Hwang, Yoon-Hyun Ryu, Yossi Shvartzvald, In-Gu Shin, Jennifer C. Yee, Weicheng Zang, Hongjing Yang, Sang-Mok Cha, Doeon Kim, Dong-Jin Kim, Seung-Lee Kim, Dong-Joo Lee, Yongseok Lee, Byeong-Gon Park, Richard W. Pogge, Przemek Mróz, Michał K. Szymański, Jan Skowron, Radosław Poleski, Igor Soszyński, Paweł Pietrukowicz, Szymon Kozłowski, Krzysztof A. Rybicki, Patryk Iwanek, Krzysztof Ulaczyk, Marcin Wrona, Mariusz Gromadzki, Mateusz J. Mróz, Michał Jaroszyński, Marcin Kiraga, Fumio Abe, David P. Bennett, Aparna Bhattacharya, Akihiko Fukui, Ryusei Hamada, Stela Ishitani Silva, Yuki Hirao, Naoki Koshimoto, Yutaka Matsubara, Shota Miyazaki, Yasushi Muraki, Tutumi Nagai, Kansuke Nunota, Greg Olmschenk, Clément Ranc, Nicholas J. Rattenbury, Yuki Satoh, Takahiro Sumi, Daisuke Suzuki, Sean K. Terry, Paul J. Tristram, Aikaterini Vandorou, Hibiki Yama
Institutions: Chungbuk National University, Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute, University of Warsaw, Massey University, University of Canterbury, The Ohio State University, Weizmann Institute of Science, Center for Astrophysics Harvard & Smithsonian, Tsinghua University, Kyung Hee University, University of Warwick, Villanova University, Nagoya University, Goddard Space Flight Center, University of Maryland, College Park, Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, The University of Tokyo, The University of Osaka, Catholic University of America, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, Sorbonne Université, University of Auckland
Language: English
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
Funders: National Science Foundation, Smithsonian Institution, Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung, Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute, Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea, Korea Research Environment Open Network, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
Awards: 重力マイクロレンズを用いた地球質量の系外惑星、浮遊惑星及びブラックホールの探査, NSF-BSF: The Frequency and Mass-Ratio Distribution of Super-Earths in KMTNet, G4207453364, 近赤外線重力マイクロレンズ観測による冷たい系外惑星・浮遊惑星の形成過程の解明, Search for cold exoplanets and free-floating planets by near infrared gravitational microlensing observation, G8411355473
OpenAlex ID: W7127112054
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