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Case Report: Anlotinib combined with radiotherapy achieves sustained disease control in advanced malignant melanotic nerve sheath tumor

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Background: Malignant melanotic nerve sheath tumor (MMNST) is a rare and aggressive subtype of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) characterized by melanin-producing cells. Due to its rarity, there is currently no standardized therapeutic strategy, posing significant challenges in selecting effective treatment modalities. Case summary: We report the first documented case of a 54-year-old female with recurrent MMNST and multiple pulmonary metastases. Following local radiotherapy combined with systemic anlotinib treatment, the patient achieved prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) exceeding 32 months. Conclusion: This case suggests that anlotinib combined with radiotherapy may be an effective therapeutic option for advanced MMNST, providing valuable clinical evidence for managing this malignancy.

Source: Frontiers in Oncology

DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2026.1680441