Work

Diploid hepatocytes resist acetaminophen-induced liver injury through suppressed JNK signaling

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: The liver contains both diploid and polyploid hepatocytes, but their functional differences remain poorly understood. Emerging evidence suggests that each ploidy state contributes to regeneration in an injury-specific manner. We hypothesized that diploid hepatocytes promote healing after acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury. To study ploidy populations in vivo, we utilized mice with a lifelong liver-specific knockout of E2f7/E2f8 (LKO), which are enriched in diploid hepatocytes (> 70%) but otherwise normal. Control and LKO mice were treated with APAP (300 or 600 mg/kg), and injury was assessed over 0-96 h. Although both groups sustained injury, LKO mice showed improved survival, lower serum liver enzyme levels, and reduced necrosis and DNA fragmentation, indicating resistance to APAP-induced injury. To determine if resistance was due to E2f7/E2f8 loss or increased diploidy, we deleted E2f7/E2f8 in adult hepatocytes (HKO), a model that does not alter ploidy. Injury was similar between controls and HKO, ruling out gene deletion as the protective factor. Transcriptomic and protein analyses revealed minimal baseline differences; however, following APAP treatment, LKO livers exhibited reduced JNK activation and less mitochondrial injury. Finally, APAP-treated wild-type hepatocytes exhibited a shift toward lower ploidy, supporting the idea that diploid cells are more resistant to injury. These findings highlight hepatocyte ploidy as a key determinant of injury response and suggest a protective role for diploid hepatocytes in promoting liver resilience and regeneration.

Source: Cell Death and Disease

DOI: 10.1038/s41419-026-08448-z