Skeletal Editing of Furans into Pyridines
Year: 2026
Type: preprint
Abstract: Furans are economically accessible bulk chemicals largely derived from lignocellulosic biomass, the most abundant renewable source of organic carbon on Earth. Although the furan motif is widely found in natural products, it remains underrepresented in FDA-approved therapeutics owing to its metabolic instability. This gap underscores the need for strategies that diversify and functionalize furan scaffolds for drug discovery. Here, we report a scaffold-hopping strategy in which the cyano sulfenylcarbene selectively cleaves the furan core to generate dienone intermediates bearing an intrinsic thioaryl leaving group. A subsequent reaction with a nitrogen source restores aromaticity and yields pyridines, a privileged and pharmaceutically indispensable heterocycle. This metal-free process exhibits broad functional-group tolerance, enables 15 N incorporation, and provides a conceptually distinct approach to controlled heterocycle remodeling. Mechanistic studies, supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, highlight the critical role of the cyano group in the ring-opening step of furan and uncover an unusual ring-closing pathway that proceeds via a cyclopropane-fused pyrrole, ultimately yielding an unexpected pyridine regioisomer.
Source: ChemRxiv
Institution: University of Oklahoma
Language: English
Subfield: Organic Chemistry
Field: Chemistry
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7127361875