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De Novo Esophageal Small-Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma in a Patient With Achalasia: A Case Report

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Esophageal neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) is rare and aggressive, representing 0.4% to 2% of esophageal cancers, with small-cell NEC comprising 95% of cases. Achalasia is known to increase the risk for esophageal malignancy, particularly squamous cell carcinoma. We describe an 81-year-old woman with longstanding achalasia who developed dysphagia. Endoscopy showed a fungating mass, and biopsy confirmed small-cell NEC. She was treated with platinum–etoposide chemotherapy, resulting in complete resolution. This case demonstrates remission with chemotherapy alone, challenging traditional surgical approaches. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of esophageal small-cell NEC arising in conjunction with achalasia. Further research is warranted to establish optimal management strategies for such rare presentations.

Source: Annals of Internal Medicine Clinical Cases

DOI: 10.7326/aimcc.2025.0864

Authors: Majd M. AlBarakat, Ismail Althunibat, Veronika Panah, Rana B. Altawalbeh, Tasnim Alawawdeh, Ala Abdel Jalil

Institutions: Jordan University of Science and Technology, Saint Michael's Medical Center, Banner Health, Banner North Colorado Medical Center, University of Missouri, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University

Language: English

Topic: Esophageal Cancer Research and Treatment

Subfield: Surgery

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: diamond

OpenAlex ID: W7127425598

FWCI:

Cites: 11

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