Prostaglandin E2 Dynamics in Patients Treated with Different Orthodontic Appliances: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Aim: To assess and compare the prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) levels in patients with labial fixed appliances, lingual fixed appliances, and aligners in their gingival crevicular fluid (GCF).Materials and methods: 60 participants who required orthodontic treatment were grouped into three groups (n = 20) based on the type of intervention-aligners, lingual fixed appliances, and labial fixed appliances.Samples of GCF were collected at baseline and after 21 days of intervention.The proximal area of either maxillary canine served as the standard sample site for all individuals.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure PGE 2 levels in GCF and was statistically analyzed.Examination of the gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), and plaque index (PI) were also recorded at baseline and 21 days of intervention, and were statistically analyzed in all the groups.Results: Patients' mean PGE 2 levels at baseline and follow-up with lingual fixed appliances were 79.00 ± 1.92 and 933.63 ± 60.26, with labial fixed appliances were 79.14 ± 1.83 and 750.90 ± 157.57, and with aligners were 78.92 ± 1.86 and 440.51 ± 152.92.On the intragroup comparison, the PGE 2 levels increased significantly (p < 0.001) at follow-up.PGE 2 levels were substantially (p < 0.001) greater in patients treated with lingual fixed appliances (854.63 ± 60.24) than in those treated with aligners (361.59 ± 153.19) and labial fixed appliances (671.77± 158.41). Conclusion:The amount of PGE 2 in the GCF increased significantly in all three groups.PGE 2 levels increased more in patients receiving lingual fixed appliances than in those receiving labial fixed appliances and aligners.Clinical significance: This study emphasizes the strains that different orthodontic appliances place on periodontal tissue cells and how those stresses affect the generation of PGE 2 .In a clinical context, PGE 2 may be a helpful biomarker for monitoring the degree of the biological response to orthodontic stressors.By being aware of these variations, it may be possible to limit inflammatory discomfort, maximize appliance selection, and adjust force application in order to achieve efficient and biologically compatible tooth movement.
Source: World Journal of Dentistry
Language: English
Subfield: Orthodontics
Field: Dentistry
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7127940625