Brain Morphometry in Infants Later Diagnosed With Autism is Related to Later Language Skills
Year: 2025
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) presents early in life with distinct social and language differences. This study explores the association between infant brain morphometry and language abilities using an infant-sibling design. Participants included infants who had an older sibling with autism (high likelihood, HL) who were later diagnosed with autism (HL-ASD; n = 31) and two non-autistic control groups: HL-Neg (HL infants not diagnosed with autism; n = 126) and LL-Neg (typically developing infants who did not have an older sibling with autism; n = 77). Using a whole-brain approach, we measured cortical thickness and surface area at 6 and 12 months and expressive and receptive language abilities at 24 months. Partial least squares correlation analyses were computed separately for each of the three groups. Results from the HL-ASD group indicated negative associations between surface area in the left inferior frontal gyrus and 24-month language abilities. Notably, regions outside the standard adult language network were also associated with language in the HL-ASD group. Results in the HL-ASD group highlight the distinct processing guiding development of surface area and cortical thickness; associations were mostly negative for surface area at 6 months but mostly positive for cortical thickness at the same time point. Results from this data-driven study align with the theory of interactive specialization-a theory highlighting the dynamic nature of the infant brain-and advocate for a whole-brain approach in investigating early brain-behavior neurodevelopment in ASD.
Source: Human Brain Mapping
DOI: 10.1002/hbm.70221
Authors: Luke E. Moraglia, Bernadette Weigman, Hervé Abdi, Martin Styner, Sun Hyung Kim, Catherine A. Burrows, Mark D. Shen, Shruthi Ravi, Jason J. Wolff, Stephen R. Dager, Heather C. Hazlett, Juhi Pandey, Robert T. Schultz, Jessica B. Girault, Kelly N. Botteron, Natasha Marrus, Annette M. Estes, Tanya St. John, Guoyan Zheng, Joseph Piven, Meghan R. Swanson, the IBIS Network
Language: English
Subfield: Cognitive Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,520
Funders: Simons Foundation, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Minnesota, University of Washington, Simons Foundation Autism Research Initiative, University of Alberta, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
Awards: Early Social Communication Environment and Brain Development in Infants at Risk for Autism, Washington University Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, Early Social Communication Environment and Brain Development in Infants at Risk for Autism, G4444695626, Genetic Liability for Autism and Infant Brain and Behavioral Development, Clinical Translational Research Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Caregiver Speech and Brain-Behavior Development in Infants At-Risk for ASD, A Longitudinal Brain and Behavior Study of Autism From Infancy Through Adolescence, Towards equitable early identification of autism spectrum disorders in females
OpenAlex ID: W4410313649