Engineering Na‐Rich P2‐Type Layered Oxides Through Li/Ti Dual Doping for Oxygen Redox Activation and Superior Structural Stability
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: ABSTRACT Sodium layered oxides Na x MO 2 ( x ≤ 1 and M = transition metal ions) have gained significant interest as sodium‐ion battery (NIB) cathodes owing to their high operating voltages and potential for higher energy density compared with polyanion and Prussian blue–type cathodes. However, their practical applications are often hindered by the irreversible structural transitions leading to capacity fading during cycling. The nature and substitution of transition metal ions define the material properties and electrochemical performance. In this study, through comprehensive electrochemical characterization combined with multi‐scale structural and spectroscopical analyses, we demonstrate the synergistic impacts of Lithium and Titanium doping, which not only increases overall capacity by boosting cation and anion cooperative redox contributions but also improves the rate capability and cycling stability. Specifically, Li + doping enhances the available sodium inventory for extraction, while Ti 4 + disrupts Na + /vacancy ordering at lower voltages (< 4 V) and mitigates the detrimental P2→OP4/O2 phase transition during cycling. The combined effect of Lithium and Titanium doping promotes more charge localization on Oxygen, which activates reversible lattice oxygen redox reactions at elevated voltages, contributing additional capacity beyond conventional cationic redox. This work provides crucial insights into the design of high‐performance, high‐capacity P2‐type layered cathode materials for sodium‐ion batteries.
Source: Advanced Energy Materials
Institutions: University of Chicago, TCG Crest, University of California San Diego, University of Illinois Chicago, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Advanced Light Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Advanced Photon Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, National Synchrotron Light Source II, National University of Singapore, University of Bayreuth
Language: English
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $5,790
Funders: National Science Foundation, U.S. Department of Energy, Shell, University of Chicago, Shell Global Solutions International, Office of Science, Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, Harvard University, Division of Materials Research, Office of Advanced Cyberinfrastructure, Argonne National Laboratory, Brookhaven National Laboratory
Awards: G102163711, G1055550527, G107546177, G1285306620, G1286236842, G1313983767, G1453181110, G1664757510, G171842289, G1769256354, G1863003419, Track 4: Advanced CI Coordination Ecosystem: Monitoring and Measurement Services, G2287611682, G262962599, G2638771445, G2817899265, G2885514473, G3075337988, G3083819904, G3262563802, G3406661761, G3562386289, G3589692066, G3927959030, G3993056153, Track 1: ACCESS Resource Allocations Marketplace and Platform Services (RAMPS), G4010157413, G430433498, G4471177777, G4501827968, ACO: An Open CI Ecosystem to Advance Scientific Discovery (OpenCI), G4796240486, G498139845, Track 3: COre National Ecosystem for CyberinfrasTructure (CONECT), G5098925467, G513797252, G5212984984, G5367127336, G5464919783, G5535608740, G5602398950, G5704573845, G5765906131, G6121277264, G6247045938, G6652958823, G6848031779, G6918803902, G6965887028, G7463374569, G754761654, G8147229493, G8174472116, Track 2: Customized Multi-tier Assistance, Training, and Computational Help (MATCH) for End User ACCESS to CI, G872144517, G969889393
OpenAlex ID: W7127959604