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Anti‐Melanoma Differentiation‐Associated Gene 5 Antibody‐Positive Interstitial Lung Disease, Induced by Enfortumab Vedotin Plus Pembrolizumab for Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Introduction: Anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 antibody-positive interstitial lung disease is a rare but fatal adverse event following immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment for cancers. However, such cases have not been previously reported in patients with urothelial carcinoma. Case Presentation: A 79-year-old Japanese woman with advanced unresectable bladder cancer was treated with first-line enfortumab vedotin plus pembrolizumab. During the second treatment cycle, interstitial lung disease developed, and the patient immediately received steroid pulse therapy. As interstitial lung disease rapidly progressed after the initiation of steroid pulse therapy, immunosuppressive treatment with cyclophosphamide and tacrolimus was added. However, interstitial lung disease did not improve, and the patient died on day 54 after initiating treatment. Detailed antibody examination revealed positive anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 antibodies. Conclusion: We report the first case of anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 antibody-positive interstitial lung disease induced by enfortumab vedotin plus pembrolizumab in a patient with advanced urothelial carcinoma.

Source: IJU Case Reports

DOI: 10.1002/iju5.70148

Authors: Akira Saito, Hiroki Ishihara, Hanae Kondo, Toshio Takagi, Yasunobu Hashimoto

Institutions: Tokyo Women's Medical University, Saiseikai Kawaguchi General Hospital

Language: English

Topic: Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers

Subfield: Oncology

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $4,960