Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) is a complex mixture of air pollutants that may contain hazardous substances and emerging contaminants. It penetrates deep into the lungs, inducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and systemic toxicity, and interacts with O 3, NO 2, SO 2, and organic and inorganic constituents, thereby increasing health risks.
Source: Chemical Research in Toxicology
Author: Sarawut Sangkham
Institution: University of Phayao
Language: English
Subfield: Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $4,500
OpenAlex ID: W7128069117