Work

Bisphenol S toxicity in zebrafish: Endocrine, neurobehavioural, and metabolic disruptions

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Bisphenol S (BPS), increasingly used as a substitute for Bisphenol A, has raised toxicological concern due to its environmental persistence and widespread exposure. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) provides a valuable model for assessing BPS toxicity because of conserved endocrine and neural pathways, rapid development, and well-established behavioural assays. This review synthesizes current evidence on the effects of BPS exposure in zebrafish. Available studies indicate that BPS is associated with alterations in multiple endocrine axes, including the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal, thyroid, and interrenal axes, with consequences for reproduction, thyroid hormone signaling, and stress regulation. Neurobehavioural alterations are frequently reported and are linked to oxidative stress, apoptosis, neurotransmitter imbalance, and isotocinergic or vasotocinergic dysregulation. Additional evidence associates BPS exposure with metabolic, cardiovascular, and immune alterations, including hepatic lipid accumulation, glucose dysregulation, vascular dysfunction, impaired myelopoiesis, inflammatory signaling, and gut microbial imbalance. Finally, this review highlights key knowledge gaps for future research.

Source: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology

DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2026.104959

Authors: A K M Munzurul Hasan, Som Niyogi, Douglas P. Chivers

Institution: University of Saskatchewan

Language: English

Topic: Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals

Subfield: Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis

Field: Environmental Science

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: hybrid

Estimated APC paid: $3,540