Susceptibility mapping of deep gray matter in Wilson’s disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Year: 2026
Type: review
Study designs: Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis
Abstract: Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) enables assessment of brain metal deposition. This meta-analysis evaluated QSM alterations in Wilson's disease (WD). PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched up to September 2025 for studies reporting QSM measurements in neurological or hepatic WD and healthy controls (HCs). Twelve studies were included (325 WD, 254 HCs). Neurological WD showed higher susceptibility than HCs in the caudate (mean difference [MD] = 33.92, 95% CI: 18.14-49.70, p < .001), putamen (MD = 48.42, 95% CI: 29.66-67.17, p < .001), globus pallidus (MD = 62.24, 95% CI: 39.74-84.73, p < .001), thalamus (MD = 15.15, 95% CI: 10.15-20.15, p < .001), red nucleus (MD = 30.25, 95% CI: 12.57-47.93, p < .001), and dentate nucleus (MD = 16.65, 95% CI: 2.52-30.78, p = .02). Compared with hepatic-onset WD, neurological presentations showed higher susceptibility in the caudate nucleus (MD = 23.45, 95% CI: 1.17-45.73, p = .04), putamen (MD = 43.20, 95% CI: 2.62-83.78, p = .04), and thalamus (MD = 11.11, 95% CI: 7.53-14.69, p < .001). Hepatic-onset WD showed milder increases versus HCs in the globus pallidus (MD = 18.13, 95% CI: 4.42-31.85, p = .01), red nucleus (MD = 16.87, 95% CI: 12.11-21.63, p < .001) and dentate nucleus (MD = 11.61, 95% CI: 8.28-14.95, p < .001). QSM reveals marked susceptibility elevations in neurological WD and mild changes in hepatic WD. TRIAL REGISTRATION: CRD420251232999, https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420251232999.
Source: Parkinsonism & Related Disorders
Language: English
Subfield: Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $3,460
OpenAlex ID: W7128632796