Comparative Evaluation of the Effect of Incorporating Varying Percentages of Microhydroxyapatite on the Compressive Strength and Microhardness of Resin-modified Glass Ionomer Cement: An In Vitro Study
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: and help prevent secondary caries.9 Unlike conventional GICs, RMGICs exhibit less sensitivity to moisture during the setting phase, which minimizes the risk of premature water contamination and enhances the clinical handling characteristics of the material.This reduced moisture sensitivity allows for easier placement and manipulation of RMGIC-based restorations in children.10,11 In recent years, HA powders of various particle sizes have been incorporated into GICs to enhance their physical and mechanical IntroductIonGlass ionomer cement (GIC) has a long-established history as a key restorative material in clinical dentistry, ever since it was introduced by Wilson and Kent in 1971.1,2 Its clinical success is largely due to its unique properties, including the ability to bond directly to tooth structure, release fluoride with anticariogenic effects, and exhibit biocompatibility with the pulp.3,4 Another important advantage is minimal microleakage, which is attributed to its low coefficient of thermal expansion that closely matches that of natural tooth structure.5,6 Despite these benefits, conventional GICs have certain limitations, such as brittleness, low mechanical strength, extended setting time, rough surface texture, low fracture toughness, susceptibility to moisture, and poor wear resistance, which restrict their use in high-stress areas.7,8 To address these drawbacks, several modifications of GIC have been developed over time, ranging from miracle mix to resin-modified glass ionomers (RMGICs).Resin-modified glass ionomers retain the basic components of conventional GIC-glass powder, water, and polyacid-while incorporating an additional monomer and initiator system.They undergo a dual setting process involving both the traditional acidbase reaction and polymerization of the resin, resulting in a complex structure formed from the products of these two reactions.9 In addition to their enhanced mechanical properties, RMGICs exhibit superior adhesion to tooth structure, making them suitable for a wide range of clinical applications, including cavity lining, core build-up, and cementation of indirect restorations.7 Furthermore, RMGICs release fluoride ions similar to conventional GIC, which contribute to their cariostatic properties 1-
Authors: Sonam Rajput, Bhavna Kaul, Shalan Kaul, Rumisa N Kashani, Manisha Koul, Syed Gulbar
Institution: Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana
Language: English
Subfield: Orthodontics
Field: Dentistry
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7128680761