Gas-depleted planet formation occurred in the four-planet system around the red dwarf LHS 1903
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: The radii of small exoplanets form two populations, super-Earths and sub-Neptunes, separated by a gap known as the radius valley. This feature could be produced by the removal of atmospheres by stellar or internal heating or by the lack of an initial envelope. We used transit photometry and radial velocity measurements to detect and characterize four exoplanets orbiting LHS 1903, a red dwarf star in the Milky Way's thick disk. These four planets have orbital periods ranging from 2.2 to 29.3 days and span the radius valley within a single planetary system. The derived densities indicate that LHS 1903 b is rocky, whereas LHS 1903 c and LHS 1903 d have extended atmospheres. The most distant planet from the host star, LHS 1903 e, has no gaseous envelope, indicating that it formed from gas-depleted material.
Source: Science
Authors: Thomas G. Wilson, Anna M. Simpson, Andrew Collier Cameron, Ryan Cloutier, Vardan Adibekyan, Ancy Anna John, Yann Alibert, Manu Stalport, Jo Ann Egger, Andrea Bonfanti, Nicolas Billot, Pascal Guterman, Pierre F. L. Maxted, Attila E. Simon, Sérgio G. Sousa, Malcolm Fridlund, Mathias Beck, Anja Bekkelien, Sébastien Salmon, Valérie Van Grootel, Luca Fossati, Alexander James Mustill, Hugh P. Osborn, Tiziano Zingales, Matthew J. Hooton, Laura Affer, Suzanne Aigrain, Roi Alonso, Guillem Anglada, Alexandros Antoniadis-Karnavas, Tamas Bárczy, David Barrado Navascues, Susana C. C. Barros, Wolfgang Baumjohann, Thomas Beck, Willy Benz, Federico Biondi, Xavier Bonfils, Luca Borsato, Alexis Brandeker, Christopher Broeg, Lars A. Buchhave, Maximilian Buder, Juan Cabrera, Sebastian Carrazco Gaxiola, David Charbonneau, Sébastien Charnoz, David R. Ciardi, Karen A. Collins, Kevin I. Collins, Rosario Cosentino, Szilard Csizmadia, Patricio E. Cubillos, Shweta Dalal, Mario Damasso, James R. A. Davenport, Melvyn B. Davies, Magali Deleuil, Laetitia Delrez, Olivier D. S. Demangeon, Brice-Olivier Demory, Victoria DiTomasso, Diana Dragomir, Courtney D. Dressing, Xavier Dumusque, David Ehrenreich, Anders Erikson, Emma Esparza-Borges, Andrea Fortier, Izuru Fukuda, Akihiko Fukui, Davide Gandolfi, Adriano Ghedina, Steven Giacalone, Holden Gill, Michaël Gillon, Yilen Gómez Maqueo Chew, Manuel Güdel, Pere Guerra, Maximilian N. Günther, Nathan Hara, Avet Harutyunyan, Yuya Hayashi, Raphaëlle D. Haywood, Rae Holcomb, Keith Horne, Sergio Hoyer, Chelsea X. Huang, Masahiro Ikoma, Kate G. Isaak, James A. G. Jackman, Jon M. Jenkins, Eric L. N. Jensen, Daniel Jontof-Hutter, Yugo Kawai, Laszlo L. Kiss, Ben S. Lakeland, Jacques Laskar, David W. Latham, Alain Lecavelier des Etangs, Adrien Leleu, Monika Lendl, Jerome de Leon, Florian Lienhard, Mercedes López-Morales, Christophe Lovis, Michael B. Lund, Rafael Luque, Demetrio Magrin, Luca Malavolta, Aldo F. Martínez Fiorenzano, Andrew W. Mayo, Michel Mayor, Christoph Mordasini, Annelies Mortier, Felipe Murgas, Norio Narita, Valerio Nascimbeni, Belinda A. Nicholson, Göran Olofsson, Roland Ottensamer, Isabella Pagano, Larissa Palethorpe, Enric Pallé, Hannu Parviainen, Marco Pedani, Francesco A. Pepe, Gisbert Peter, Matteo Pinamonti, Giampaolo Piotto, Don Pollacco, Ennio Poretti, Didier Queloz, Samuel N. Quinn, Roberto Ragazzoni, Nicola Rando, David Rapetti, Francesco Ratti, Heike Rauer, Federica Rescigno, Ignasi Ribas, Ken Rice, George R. Ricker, Paul Robertson, Thierry de Roche, Laurence Sabin, Nuno C. Santos, Dimitar D. Sasselov, Arjun B. Savel, Gaetano Scandariato, Nicole Schanche, Urs Schroffenegger, Richard P. Schwarz, Sara Seager, Ramotholo Sefako, Damien Ségransan, Avi Shporer, André M. Silva, Alexis M. S. Smith, Alessandro Sozzetti, Manfred Steller, Gyula M. Szabó, Motohide Tamura, Nicolas Thomas, Amy Tuson, Stéphane Udry, Andrew Vanderburg, Roland K. Vanderspek, Julia Venturini, Francesco Verrecchia, Nicholas A. Walton, Christopher A. Watson, Robert D. Wells, Joshua N. Winn, Roberto Zambelli, Carl Ziegler
Institutions: University of St Andrews, University of Warwick, University of Michigan, Smithsonian Institution, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Center for Astrophysics Harvard & Smithsonian, McMaster University, Universidade do Porto, Institute of Astrophysics and Space Sciences, University of Bern, Center for Space and Habitability, University of Geneva, University of Liège, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Space Research Institute, Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille, Institut National des Sciences de l'Univers, Keele University, Leiden University, Leiden Observatory, Chalmers University of Technology, Lund University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Padua, Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, National Institute for Astrophysics, University of Cambridge, Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo, University of Oxford, Universidad de La Laguna, Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, Institute of Space Sciences, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya, Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial, Centro de Astrobiología, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble, Université Grenoble Alpes, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, Technical University of Denmark, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR), Georgia State University, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de physique du globe de Paris, Université Paris Cité, California Institute of Technology, NASA Exoplanet Science Institute, Infrared Processing and Analysis Center, George Mason University, Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania, Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, University of Exeter, University of Washington, University of New Mexico, University of California, Berkeley, The University of Tokyo, University of Turin, University of Vienna, European Space Agency, European Space Research and Technology Centre, University of California, Irvine, University of Southern Queensland, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Arizona State University, Ames Research Center, Swarthmore College, University of the Pacific, Eötvös Loránd University, Konkoly Observatory, HUN-REN Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, Observatoire de Paris, Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Éphémérides, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, University of Chicago, University of Birmingham, Astrobiology Center, University of Edinburgh, Brera Astronomical Observatory, ETH Zurich, Universities Space Research Association, Research Institute for Advanced Computer Science, Technische Universität Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, University of Maryland, College Park, Goddard Space Flight Center, South African Astronomical Observatory, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Astronomical Observatory of Rome, Queen's University Belfast, Princeton University, Stephen F. Austin State University
Language: English
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Funders: National Science Foundation, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, California Institute of Technology, Fondazione CRT, University of Bern, UK Space Agency, European Space Agency, Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, University of St Andrews, European Commission, Queen's University Belfast, Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung, Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS, Belgian Federal Science Policy Office, Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales, Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Université de Genève, Nemzeti Kutatási Fejlesztési és Innovációs Hivatal, Ames Research Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Science Mission Directorate, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, Staatssekretariat für Bildung, Forschung und Innovation, National Research, Development and Innovation Office, Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology
Awards: G1011896320, G1140405524, G1483381719, G1690109813, Spectroscopy of hot twilights in exoplanetary atmospheres, G1998765129, NCCR PlanetS: Origin, evolution and characterisation of planets, Le problème de l'intuition., G3052186010, G3161872288, Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, G3330823230, Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, G3992242914, G4099950093, G4245300941, G4502305455, G4642345579, G4892679549, Phénomènes de transport et propriétés électroniques des métaux et des supraconducteurs, Sem título, G5222444068, G5386851065, G5454278309, A Geração de Espectrógrafos para encontrar uma nova Terra, Wissenschaftliche Korrespondenz von Wolfgang Pauli, Band IV : 1950-1958, G6125752356, Discovering and probing the atmospheres of rocky exoplanets, G6298322667, G6379254292, Development of ultra-high precision Doppler instruments for a true second-Earth exploration, G6620961257, Cosmologia e Física Fundamental com o ESPRESSO, G6775420319, G6777677802, NCCR PlanetS: Origin, evolution and characterisation of planets, Discovering and probing the atmospheres of rocky exoplanets, Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Explorando exoPlanetas com o CHEOPS, A stellar revolution to characterise small planets and discover other Earths, G7321246223, G7394145161, G7554324364, G7785603320, G8500932100, G8505061131, G993971353
OpenAlex ID: W7128686702