Work

Phase Transformation in Mixtures of Clay–Glass–Hematite–Waste Activated Sludge During Sintering

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: This work analyzes phase transformations in quaternary mixtures (clay–glass–hematite–waste activated sludge (WAS)), processed at 800–1000 °C under conditions of oxygen deficiency. The results of the study showed that, depending on the temperature treatment of mixtures of different compositions, the processes of carbon formation from WAS, carbon participation in reductive processes, and phase transformations in silicate subsystems occur simultaneously. After Ttr = 800 °C the main phases are fayalite and quartz, additional phases are wollastonite and feldspars. After Ttr = 900 °C the main phases are fayalite, quartz, wollastonite, and the additional phases are feldspars. After Ttr = 1000 °C the main phases are wollastonite, iron, quartz, additional phases are hematite, fayalite.

Source: Ceramics

DOI: 10.3390/ceramics9020024

Authors: Abigail Parra Parra, Rene Guardian Tapia, Ximena Cecilia Ramírez López, Marina Vlasova, Pedro Antonio Márquez Aguilar

Institution: Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos

Language: English

Topic: Recycling and utilization of industrial and municipal waste in materials production

Subfield: Building and Construction

Field: Engineering

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDG: Responsible consumption and production

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $1,930