Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Let H \mathbb {H} denote the three-dimensional Heisenberg group. In this paper, we study vertical curves in H \mathbb {H} and fibers of maps H → R 2 \mathbb {H}\to \mathbb {R}^2 from a metric perspective. We say that a set in H \mathbb {H} is a vertical curve if it satisfies a cone condition with respect to a homogeneous cone with axis ⟨ Z ⟩ \langle Z \rangle , the center of H \mathbb {H} . This is analogous to the cone condition used to define intrinsic Lipschitz graphs. In the first part of the paper, we prove that connected vertical curves are locally bi-Hölder equivalent to intervals. We also show that the class of vertical curves coincides with the class of intersections of intrinsic Lipschitz graphs satisfying a transversality condition. Unlike intrinsic Lipschitz graphs, the Hausdorff dimension of a vertical curve can vary; we construct vertical curves with Hausdorff dimension either strictly larger or strictly smaller than 2. Consequently, there are intersections of intrinsic Lipschitz graphs with Hausdorff dimension either strictly larger or strictly smaller than 2. In the second part of the paper, we consider smooth functions β \beta from the unit ball B B in H \mathbb {H} to R 2 \mathbb {R}^2 . We show that, in contrast to the situation in Euclidean space, there are maps such that β \beta is arbitrarily close to the projection π \pi from H \mathbb {H}
DOI: 10.1090/tran/9611
Authors: Gioacchino Antonelli, Robert Young
Language: English
Subfield: Applied Mathematics
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7128819812