Mediastinal mass as an unusual presentation of paragonimiasis in a child: a case report and review of diagnostic challenges
Year: 2026
Type: article
Study design: Case Report
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Paragonimiasis is a parasitic disease characterized by diverse clinical manifestations, among which pulmonary involvement is the most frequently observed. However, there are no documented cases of paragonimiasis presenting as a mediastinal mass. We report a case of paragonimiasis associated with such a presentation. CASE PRESENTATION: A large mediastinal mass was identified in a 13-year-old child. Due to the limited efficacy of antibiotics and indeterminate diagnosis, thoracoscopic surgery was performed. Histopathological findings were consistent with paragonimiasis. The patient responded well to praziquantel treatment. CONCLUSIONS: This report reveals a novel, mediastinal presentation of paragonimiasis, a neglected disease, which posed a significant diagnostic dilemma due to its atypical features. Diagnostic thoracoscopy was essential for obtaining a definitive diagnosis, highlighting the importance of considering invasive diagnostic procedures when conventional approaches fail. The present case serves to remind clinicians to include paragonimiasis in the differential diagnosis of a mediastinal mass with chronic cough, especially in endemic areas or with a relevant dietary history.
Source: BMC Infectious Diseases
Authors: Shuchun Yang, Li Song, Qingwei Guo
Language: English
Subfield: Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,090
OpenAlex ID: W7128998188