Work

Challenges and contributing factors in glucocorticoid treatment adherence among patients with oral lichen planus: a cross-sectional study and management strategies

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the status of glucocorticoid treatment adherence in patients with oral lichen planus (OLP), identify its influencing factors using validated instruments, and propose a targeted management framework incorporating behavioral insights and digital health strategies. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 116 OLP patients recruited from our hospital between January 2021 and December 2023. The study protocol was approved by the Hospital's Ethics Committee (Approval No: 20201215), and written informed consent was obtained from all participants. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire, the Chinese version of the 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8), and a self-designed OLP knowledge questionnaire. Exploratory factor analysis was performed to validate the MMAS-8 structure. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors of poor adherence. RESULTS: The rate of poor adherence was 63.8% (74/116). Factor analysis confirmed a two-dimensional structure of non-adherence (unintentional and intentional). Multivariate analysis identified age ≥ 50 years, disease duration ≥ 3 years, recurrence frequency ≥ 3, glucocorticoid side effects, and rural residence as independent risk factors for poor adherence (all P < 0.05). Higher education level and household income served as protective factors. CONCLUSION: Poor treatment adherence is prevalent among OLP patients and is influenced by multidimensional factors. The behavioral distinction between unintentional and intentional non-adherence provides a critical basis for precision management. We recommend an integrated strategy combining structured education, side-effect-optimized regimens, and digitally enabled follow-up to address adherence challenges and improve long-term outcomes.

Source: BMC Oral Health

DOI: 10.1186/s12903-026-07899-2