Effect of mastication traits on carbohydrate degradation and gut microbiota composition during in vitro digestion and fermentation of citrus pulp
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Mastication traits are key indicators for evaluating the texture of citrus fruits, influencing not only consumer sensory preferences but also the colonic fermentability of pulp fibers. This study investigated the carbohydrate degradation dynamics and microbial composition of Hongmeiren (HMR), Satsuma mandarin (WM), and Nanfeng tangerine (NF) with superior, moderate and inferior mastication traits, respectively, using oral chewing, simulated gastrointestinal digestion and colonic fermentation. Results showed that the segment membrane cells of HMR were loosely arranged and formed swallowable boluses after minimal chewing (7 chews), whereas NF required 25, exhibiting a 5.8-fold higher bolus hardness than HMR. Carbohydrates in citrus boluses underwent limited digestion in the upper gastrointestinal tract but were extensively fermented in the colon. HMR, being rich in pectin, exhibited higher fermentation rates, SCFA production, and a greater degree of carbohydrate degradation than WM and NF. Moreover, all citrus samples promoted probiotic enrichment and inhibited pathogens. These findings reveal that mastication traits influence citrus fermentation patterns and prebiotic potential, providing a scientific basis for citrus fruit breeding strategies. • HMR with superior mastication requires only fewer chews to form swallowable bolus. • Citrus pulp carbohydrates are mainly utilized by gut microbes at the colonic stage. • HMR with superior mastication traits is more readily degraded than NF. • Citrus pulp fermentation promotes probiotic enrichment and inhibits pathogens.
Source: LWT
Authors: Jieqiong Yao, Gang Xu, Hongyan Zhang, Wenyan Du, Siyi Pan
Institution: Huazhong Agricultural University
Language: English
Topic: Gut microbiota and health
Subfield: Molecular Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
SDG: Zero hunger
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,240
Funders: Agriculture Research System of China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Major Technology Innovation of Hubei Province, National University's Basic Research Foundation of China, Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, Major Science and Technology Projects in Yunnan Province
Awards: G2551724106, G3203285002
OpenAlex ID: W7129022185