Work

Home automation interoperability: two decades of lessons learned and future prospects into the development of IoT ecosystems

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: • Home automation is part of IoT, but its peculiarities require specific solutions • Home automation systems are rarely interoperable with each other • Home automation lacks a clear taxonomy for interoperability solutions • Comparison of key open-source interoperability frameworks for home automation Home Automation (HA) is one of the main applications of the Internet of Things (IoT), with the aim of improving users’ quality of life within their living spaces. Technologies are growing rapidly, moving from simple control of isolated home devices to global integration with worldwide services. With the entry of large companies such as Google, Amazon and Apple into the HA market, interoperability between different automation ecosystems has become a central challenge for research. This study defines the concept of interoperability in this context and proposes a taxonomy based on years of experience to illustrate a method for a comparative study of frameworks designed to achieve interoperability between different systems. As a result, the presented taxonomy establishes a unified language and a set of criteria for evaluating integration strategies, improving understanding of architectural choices and decision-making processes in the selection or development of solutions for heterogeneous smart home systems.

Source: Internet of Things

DOI: 10.1016/j.iot.2026.101906

Authors: Dario Russo, Vittorio Miori, Gabriele Tolomei, Dimitri Belli

Institutions: Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie dell'Informazione "Alessandro Faedo", National Research Council, Sapienza University of Rome

Language: English

Topic: IoT-based Smart Home Systems

Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Field: Engineering

Domain: Physical Sciences

Open Access status: hybrid

Estimated APC paid: $2,690

Funder: European Commission