Magnitude and Phase Compensation in the Phase-Locked Loop of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor-Driven Single-Rotor Air-Conditioning Compressor
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: In a single-rotor air-conditioning compressor, continuous gas compression and discharge induce periodic load torque fluctuations at the same frequency as the rotor’s mechanical rotation, thereby introducing periodically fluctuating signals in the motor rotor angle and angular speed. A position sensorless control scheme is implemented under variable load conditions. This scheme combines an observer designed based on the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) model in the direct-quadrature (d-q) coordinate system with a conventional phase-locked loop (PLL) and field-oriented control (FOC). In this implementation, magnitude scaling and phase offset in the PLL module cause errors in the estimated rotor angle and speed. This angular error degrades the control accuracy of the FOC algorithm, leading to significant motor speed fluctuations. To address these limitations of conventional PLL architecture, this paper proposes a Magnitude and Phase Compensation PLL (MAPC-PLL). The proposed MAPC-PLL compensates for both magnitude and phase deviations in estimated rotor angle and speed signals through a compensation module with an additional control parameter, achieving enhanced performance over conventional PLL implementations while retaining the closed-loop transfer function’s original pole configuration. Experimental results demonstrate that regulating this control parameter in the MAPC-PLL controls the reduction level of rotor angle estimation error, thereby improving the accuracy and performance of FOC, significantly suppressing rotor speed fluctuations caused by the conventional PLL, and ultimately enhancing the overall system control performance.
Source: IEEE Access
Institution: Jilin University
Language: English
Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,075
OpenAlex ID: W7131277150
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