The SIRP family: from structural diversity and signaling mechanisms to implications in immune-related disease targeted therapeutics
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Signal regulatory proteins (SIRPs) are membrane receptors on immune cells that control immune homeostasis and inflammation. Although SIRP family members share homologous extracellular domains, they differ in intracellular motifs and function: SIRPα transduces inhibitory signals, SIRPβ associates with DAP12 to trigger activation, and SIRPγ primarily modulates adhesion and T cell responses. This review compares the structure, ligand interactions, and signaling mechanisms of SIRPα, SIRPβ, and SIRPγ, summarizes their roles in cancer, autoimmunity and neurodegeneration, and surveys therapeutic strategies that target the CD47-SIRPα axis. We highlight current clinical progress, common toxicities, and open questions that must be addressed to advance SIRP-targeted therapies.
Source: Frontiers in Immunology
Authors: Yanmei Jin, Quiyang Huang, Jiaqi Song, Zain ul Abideen, Ruijiong Tan, Shaohua Xu, Ming Chen
Language: English
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,801
Awards: G1697871857, G6429508581, G8768584550
OpenAlex ID: W7131350772