Removal of Cadmium from water using magnetic Fe3O4 coated non-stochiometric hydroxyapatite nanocomposite powder
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: A novel magnetic nanocomposite, consisting of Fe 3 O 4 embedded within non-stoichiometric hydroxyapatite (nST-HAP), was synthesized for the removal of Cd from water. The material was characterized using FTIR, PXRD, and SEM-EDX and BET–analyzer. A series of batch sorption experiments were conducted to evaluate its efficacy in terms of sorption kinetics, isotherms, and the effect of various water quality parameters. The study demonstrates that embedding Fe 3 O 4 induces magnetism in the composite. The Cd sorption followed the Langmuir isotherm (R² = 0.964), with a maximum monolayer capacity of 27.85 ± 2.81 mg g − 1 and a low separation factor (R L = 0.012), indicating homogeneous adsorption. This finding is further supported by EDX elemental mapping, which showed a uniform distribution of Ca, P, O, and Fe on the composite, as well as Cd after treatment. The R L factor from the Langmuir isotherm indicates favourable sorption. The effects of ionic strength (0.5–15 mM CaCl 2 ) and pH (4–10) were minimal, demonstrating the material’s stability across different water conditions. Sorption data revealed that Cd binds to the nanocomposite through complexation, occupying vacant crystal lattice sites, binding to PO 4 3− of non-stoichiometric hydroxyapatite, the “O” of FeO, and ion exchange at exchangeable active sites (PO 4 3− , Ca 2+ ) of hydroxyapatite. These results suggest that Fe 3 O 4 embedded in non-stoichiometric hydroxyapatite is a promising adsorbent for Cd removal, with potential for environmental remediation applications.
Source: Discover Applied Sciences
Authors: Sonali Yadav, Sabyasachi Rout, Vandana Pulhani, A. Vinod Kumar
Institutions: Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute
Language: English
Subfield: Water Science and Technology
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7131662647