Impact of year and genotype on benzoxazinoids and their microbial metabolites in the rhizosphere of early vigour wheat
Year: 2024
Type: conference-paper
Abstract: Impact of year and genotype on benzoxazinoids and their microbial metabolites in the rhizosphere of early vigour wheat Paul A. Weston1,*, Shahnaj Parvin1, Pieter-Willem Hendriks2, Saliya Gurusinghe1 ,Greg J. Rebetzke3 and Leslie A. Weston1 1 Gulbali Institute for Agriculture, Water and Environment, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2678 Australia; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] 2 Lincoln University, Department of Agricultural Sciences, Lincoln, Canterbury,7647 New Zealand; [email protected] 3 CSIRO, Agriculture and Food, PO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2601 Australia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is grown on more arable acreage than any other food crop and has been well documented to produce allelochemicals. Wheat allelochemicals include numerous benzoxazinoids and their microbially transformed metabolites that can suppress the growth of weed seedlings1 . However, increased production of these metabolites has not yet been targeted by global breeding programs seeking to breed more competitive crops. Recently, the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Organisation (CSIRO), through an extensive recurrent selection program investment, has recently released numerous high vigour wheat genotypes for commercial use, but the basis for their improved vigour is under investigation. In this research project, we evaluated several high vigour genotypes alongside common commercial and historic wheat cultivars to evaluate the impact of improved early vigour on the production and release of benzoxazinoids by field-grown wheat roots over a two year period. Using UPLC coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-MS QQQ)1 , we quantified common wheat benzoxazinoids and their microbial metabolites (aminophenoxazinones) in soil collected from the rhizosphere and rhizoplane of wheat plants over two growing seasons in the Riverina region of New South Wales, Australia. We found that MBOA and aminophenoxazinones were detected readily in soil samples but concentrations differed greatly between years and among genotypes. In contrast to 2019, the concentration of aminophenoxazinones was significantly elevated in 2020, a year receiving adequate rainfall for optimal wheat growth. Aminophenoxazinones were detected in the rhizosphere of many early vigour genotypes and also over their parental lines exhibiting weed suppression, suggesting that a portion of improved early vigour and competitiveness may be related to increased root exudation. We found both BOA and MBOA in the soil rhizosphere of wheat. Depending on the year and genotype, we also observed enhanced biotransformation of these metabolites to various aminophenoxazinones. Interestingly, a few early vigour wheat genotypes were noted to produce the highest concentrations of aminophenoxazinones. Our research team has also evaluated if other early vigour traits including early canopy closure and biomass accumulation, were also contributing to improved competitive ability. References [1] Mwendwa, J. M., Weston, P. A., Weidenhamer, J. D., Fomsgaard, I. S., Wu, H., Gurusinghe, S., Weston, L. A. 2021. Metabolic profiling of benzoxazinoids in the roots and rhizosphere of commercial
Language: English
Subfield: Plant Science
Domain: Life Sciences
SDG: Zero hunger
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7133097279
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