The FORGENIUS Genomic Resources: New Genotyping Tools and Genomic Data for 23 Forest Tree Species and Their Genetic Conservation Units
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Genetic diversity is a critical but often overlooked component of biological diversity. The European H2020 FORGENIUS project is aimed at increasing the quality and quantity of genetic data to start monitoring the European network of forest Genetic Conservation Units (GCUs). A first step in this direction was developing standardised genomic resources for 23 forest tree species, spanning from rare and scattered (e.g., Abies nebrodensis and Torminalis glaberrima) to widespread and stand-forming, economically relevant ones (e.g., Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris). Here, we describe the development and application of targeted genotyping tools, primarily based on Single Primer Enrichment Technology (SPET), along with existing SNP arrays for the selected species. The SPET panels developed in FORGENIUS were designed to capture ⁓10,000 loci per species, balancing species-specific and randomly distributed regions to ensure broad genome coverage and minimise ascertainment bias. Across 7220 genotyped trees, we identified over 1.8 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) covering approximately 50 Mb of DNA sequence. SPET panels demonstrated high genotyping efficiency and cross-species transferability, especially within genera such as Quercus and Abies. They represent a cost-effective, flexible, and scalable solution for population-level genetic assessments across diverse taxa, enabling standardised, genome-wide characterisation of the GCU network. These resources not only promote the establishment of genetic monitoring, support genetically informed conservation strategies and improve our understanding of adaptive responses in European forests, but also enhance species delimitation and hybrid detection, and enable the characterisation of phylogenetically related but previously underexplored species.
Source: Molecular Ecology Resources
Institutions: Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, University of Helsinki, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Instituto de Ciencias Forestales, Université de Bordeaux, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, UMR BIOdiversity, GEnes & Communities, Écologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes
Language: English
Subfield: Genetics
Domain: Life Sciences
SDG: Life on land
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $5,250
Funders: Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, European Commission, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Université de Fribourg, Gobierno de Aragón, Waldklimafonds, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, Horizon 2020 Framework Programme, Northern Research Station
Awards: Adaptive BREEDING for productive, sustainable and resilient FORESTs under climate change, G434337789, G8018536595, G8368622746, G8459083443, Optimising the management and sustainable use of forest genetic resources in Europe, Improving access to FORest GENetic resources Information and services for end-USers, G8989921833, G9000001085
OpenAlex ID: W7133318567