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Organ-Specific Metabolite Profiling of Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Extracts by GC-FID/MS and UHPLC-HRMS/MS with Bioactivity Assessment

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt., an ornamental shrub abundant in bioactive metabolites, was investigated using an organ-specific metabolite profiling approach. GC-FID/MS (after silylation) and UHPLC-HRMS/MS were employed to qualitatively and quantitatively characterize the constituents in extracts. The leaf extract exhibited the highest phenolic and flavonoid contents. 3-Hydroxytyrosol and flavanomarein were identified for the first time in specific plant organs. Antioxidant capacity and α-amylase inhibitory activity were evaluated using several in vitro assays. Cytotoxicity was evaluated on NIH/3T3 fibroblast cells and PMA-differentiated THP-1 macrophage-like cells. At the tested concentrations, none of the extracts exhibited relevant antiproliferative activity, with IC 50 values above 400 μg/mL for all samples; only the leaf extract showed a mild, time-dependent reduction in cell viability. These findings indicate limited cytotoxic activity at the applied doses. This study provides the first comprehensive polar metabolite and bioactivity map of four anatomical regions of M. aquifolium, highlighting organ-specific chemical diversity and potential applications in functional food and nutraceutical development.

Source: ACS Omega

DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.5c12812

Authors: Kübra Öğüt, Elif Kaya Tilki, Ana M. Troncoso, Temel Özek

Institutions: Anadolu University, Universidad de Sevilla

Language: English

Topic: Phytochemistry and Biological Activities

Subfield: Plant Science

Field: Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Domain: Life Sciences

SDG: Zero hunger

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $1,935