Work

Formulation and characterization of bar, paste, and liquid soaps using recycled cooking oil

Year: 2025

Type: conference-paper

Abstract: This research focuses on the development of soaps formulated from the recycled cooking oil as the primary raw material. The objective was to produce soaps capable of effectively reducing bacterial presence, suitable for all skin types, and available in three distinct forms: solid, paste, and liquid. The formulations were prepared by combining sodium hydroxide, distilled water, and repurposed cooking oil, with lime juice incorporated for its antibacterial properties. The physicochemical evaluations were conducted to examine parameters such as pH stability, foaming capacity, allergenic potential, and colour. The results show the potential of upcycling waste materials into consumer-friendly soap products.

Source: UiTM Institutional Repositories (Universiti Teknologi MARA)

Authors: Fadzil, Adibatul Husna, Zulkifli, Norsakina Zurina, Salleh, Nunshaimah, Ali, Rosliza, Mohd Noor, Adibah, Mohamed, Siti Mazleena, Pasma, Satriani Aga

Institutions: Universiti Teknologi MARA System, Universiti Teknologi MARA

Language: English

Topic: Biodiesel Production and Applications

Subfield: Biomedical Engineering

Field: Engineering

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDG: Responsible consumption and production

Open Access status: green

OpenAlex ID: W7134881217

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