Work

A transdiagnostic model for how general purpose AI chatbots can perpetuate OCD and anxiety disorders

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Millions are turning to general-purpose AI chatbots for psychological support, potentially reinforcing symptoms such as intolerance of uncertainty, "need to know" compulsions, and perfectionism. Clinical observation and emerging research suggest chatbot features exacerbate transdiagnostic avoidance-a process integral to OCD and anxiety-perpetuating maladaptive cycles and hindering corrective learning. We propose a framework in which avoidance is reinforced through repeated chatbot interactions, and outline strategies for clinicians, users, developers, and policymakers to support healthier engagement.

Source: npj Digital Medicine

DOI: 10.1038/s41746-026-02531-7

Authors: Ashleigh Golden, Elias Aboujaoude

Institutions: Stanford Medicine, Stanford University, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center

Language: English

Topic: Digital Mental Health Interventions

Subfield: Applied Psychology

Field: Psychology

Domain: Social Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $4,090