Work

Synergistic Effects of Hydroxyapatite Derived from Fish Bone and Tinosorb® S on the UV Protection Performance of Sunscreen

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Sunscreens are essential for photoprotection, but conventional inorganic UV filters raise concerns regarding marine toxicity. This study investigated hydroxyapatite (HAp) derived from skipjack, tongol, and salmon bone waste as a potential synergistic booster for Tinosorb® S (TS). HAp powders were prepared via alkaline treatment and calcination at 900 °C. XRD and XRF results confirmed highly crystalline HAp as the dominant phase. While 10% HAp alone provided negligible UV protection, a pronounced synergistic effect was observed in 1:1 hybrid formulations (5% HAp:5% TS), significantly enhancing Sun Protection Factor (SPF) and Ultraviolet A Protection Factor (UVAPF). Notably, particle-size refinement of salmon-derived HAp (SM–HAp) yielded an SPF of approximately 35, comparable to a commercial HAp counterpart. This improvement was suggested to be associated with enhanced dispersion, film uniformity, and particle–matrix interactions, which might contribute to achieving PA++++ protection. All formulations complied with microbiological and heavy metal safety standards. These results indicated that fish bone-derived HAp could potentially serve as a viable and sustainable functional additive derived from marine biowaste for the development of high-performance hybrid sunscreens, promoting biomaterial valorization in the cosmetic industry.

Source: Cosmetics

DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics13020071

Authors: Pornsatit Sookchoo, Soottawat Benjakul, Thummanoon Prodpran, Thanaporn Amnuaikit, Supranee Lao-ubol

Institutions: Prince of Songkla University, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research

Language: English

Topic: Skin Protection and Aging

Subfield: Dermatology

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDGs: Responsible consumption and production, Life below water, Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,172