Work

A clear and present danger to democracy: Identity, accessibility, and the consequences of threats against U.S. journalists

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Drawing on a representative sample of 1600 U.S. journalists, this survey examines the prevalence and impact of online and offline threats. It analyzes how gender, race, medium, and journalists’ accessibility—particularly social media reach and visibility—shape exposure to hostility and its consequences. Findings show that 61% of journalists report being threatened, with TV broadcasters, younger journalists, women, and people of color most often targeted. Greater social media accessibility and frequent audience feedback correlate with higher exposure to online threats. Those facing more threats report lower job satisfaction and a greater likelihood of leaving the profession. The study concludes that protecting journalists’ safety and mental health is vital to preserving journalism’s role in American democracy.

Source: Journalism

DOI: 10.1177/14648849261434293

Authors: Lars Willnat, David H Weaver, Martina Santia

Institutions: Syracuse University, Indiana University Bloomington, Indiana University, Montclair State University

Language: English

Topic: Journalism and Media Studies

Subfield: Communication

Field: Social Sciences

Domain: Social Sciences

SDGs: Peace, justice, and strong institutions, Reduced inequalities

Open Access status: hybrid

Estimated APC paid: $3,900