HPV vaccination coverage among people living with HIV: determinants and missed opportunities in tertiary care
Year: 2026
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination coverage among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and evaluate factors influencing completion of the vaccination schedule. METHOD: Retrospective study of 198 HIV patients aged ≥18 years in active follow-up at Hospital Clínico Universitario San Juan (Alicante, Spain) during 2018-2023. Sociodemographic and clinical variables, referral/attendance at preventive medicine service (PMS), and completion of HPV vaccination (3 doses) were collected. Adjusted logistic regression analyses were used to determine factors associated with complete HPV vaccination. RESULTS: Overall, 19.7% (39/198) of individuals in follow-up successfully completed the three-dose HPV vaccination regimen. In the multivariable model adjusted for age, biological sex, CD4 nadir, time since HIV diagnosis, and time in study, attendance at PMS (OR: 4.20; 95%CI: 2.00-8.80), time since diagnosis (OR: 1.19; 95%CI: 1.00-1.42), and loss to follow-up (OR: 0.14; 95%CI: 0.04-0.33) were associated with complete vaccination. CONCLUSIONS: HPV vaccination coverage among people with HIV remains suboptimal. Referral and attendance at PMS are key determinants of vaccination success, whereas loss to follow-up represents a major barrier. Interventions in tertiary care should prioritize patient retention after referral to specialized programs.
Source: Gaceta Sanitaria
Language: English
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,034
OpenAlex ID: W7138899460