Type: article
Abstract: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that is characterized by multiple levels of heterogeneity, including distinct presentations, differences in developmental course, and variability between sexes.With high rates of persistence from childhood and adolescence into adulthood, research has emphasized the importance of understanding trajectories of ADHD across developmental periods.Harmful behaviours represent those that have been shown to precede premature mortality, including suicidal ideation and attempts, harmful alcohol use, and other substance misuse (i.e., misuse of opioids, sedative/tranquilizers, and stimulants).This study aimed to investigate developmental trajectories of ADHD symptoms spanning childhood and adolescence (grades 3-12) and associations with harmful behaviours in emerging (age 25) and established (age 32) adulthood.Analyses further explored whether outcomes differed by presentation (i.e., total, inattentive, hyperactive/impulsive) and sex.Participants included a large U.S. sample drawn from a multisite longitudinal investigation of childhood conduct problems (N = 754, 58% male).Significant results were not found between trajectories of ADHD symptoms and harmful behaviours in the full sample.However, distinct trajectories of total, inattentive, and hyperactive/impulsive symptoms were differentially associated with harmful behaviours when analyses were separated by sex.Findings confirm the unique course of ADHD for males and females.Findings have important clinical implications for the conceptualization, assessment, and treatment of ADHD, as well as policy implications regarding addressing the U.S. opioid crisis.
Source: Summit (Simon Fraser University)
Author: Yu, Rachelle
Language: English
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7139503843