Work

Tool Wear and Surface Finish in AISI 304 Stainless Steel Dry Turning with Cermet Inserts

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: The present study investigates the surface integrity and flank wear of uncoated cermet inserts during dry turning of AISI 304 stainless steel. Three-dimensional metrology techniques were employed to assess both surface roughness and cutting-tool flank wear. Cutting speed and feed rate were the process parameters varied in the experiments. Both parameters exhibited a significant influence on the final surface quality. Specifically, increasing the cutting speed resulted in a deterioration of the surface finish under the evaluated conditions. Considering an average flank wear (VBB) of 0.1 mm as the tool life criterion, tool lives of 15 min and 9 min were achieved at cutting speeds of 120 m/min (lowest level) and 150 m/min (highest level), respectively. At lower cutting speeds, abrasive wear and adhesion were the predominant wear mechanisms, whereas chipping and diffusion became more pronounced at the higher cutting speed. The dry turning of AISI 304 stainless steel with uncoated cermet inserts proved viable in terms of sustainability and surface integrity; however, effective chip evacuation remains a critical concern. The use of compressed air or minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) may help mitigate this issue.

Source: Materials

DOI: 10.3390/ma19061274

Authors: Laurence Colares Magalhães, Nelson Antenor Sorte, Marcelo Tramontin Souza, Armando Marques

Institutions: Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo

Language: English

Topic: Advanced machining processes and optimization

Subfield: Mechanical Engineering

Field: Engineering

Domain: Physical Sciences

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $3,137

Funder: Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo