Year: 2026
Type: preprint
Abstract: High-fidelity electromagnetic (EM) simulations are indispensable for the design of microwave and wave devices, yet repeated full-wave evaluations over high-dimensional design spaces are often computationally prohibitive. While neural surrogates can amortize this cost, learning high-dimensional EM response mappings remains difficult under limited simulation budgets due to strong and heterogeneous parameter couplings. In this work, we introduce low-rank tensor function representations as a principled surrogate modeling paradigm for EM problems and provide a systematic study of representative low-rank formats, including Tucker-style low-rank tensor function representation (LRTFR) as well as neural functional tensor-train (TT) and tensor-ring (TR) baselines. Building on these insights, we propose a pairwise low-rank tensor network (PLRNet) that uses learnable pairwise interaction factors over compact coordinate-wise embeddings. Experiments on representative EM surrogate tasks demonstrate that the proposed framework achieves a more favorable overall trade-off between accuracy, robustness, and parameter efficiency, with stable optimization in high-dimensional regimes.
Source: arXiv (Cornell University)
Authors: Sun, Mingze, Li, Liang, Zhao, Xile, Tan, Zheng, Hu, Yulu, Li, Xing, Li, Bin
Subfield: Computational Mathematics
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
Awards: G1103541943, G7145008923
OpenAlex ID: W7140133772
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