Differential biological responses to dyspnea-inducing experimental respiratory challenges in healthy humans
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: Dyspnea can be induced through different types of respiratory challenges, including inspiratory loading and carbon dioxide stimulation with restricted ventilation. These paradigms elicit different physiological, perceptual, and psychological responses, suggesting distinct modes of engagement of respiratory-related brain suffering. This study shows that the associated biological responses also differ: Substance P levels were higher during the CO 2 challenge, whereas β-endorphin changes were more closely linked to effortful breathing. These results open new avenues toward biology-guided research into respiratory-related brain suffering.
Source: Journal of Applied Physiology
Institutions: Inserm, Université Clermont Auvergne, Sorbonne Université, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Neurosciences Paris-Seine, Université Paris Cité, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Lariboisière, Groupe Hospitalo-Universitaire Paris Nord, Marqueurs cardiovasculaires en situation de stress, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres, ESPCI Paris
Language: English
Subfield: Endocrine and Autonomic Systems
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
OpenAlex ID: W7140166398