Work

Adaptive RSU Assignment and Transmission Scheduling of Delay-Critical Emergency Messages and AR Traffic in MEC-Enabled Vehicular Environments

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Emergency messages and augmented reality (AR) are becoming integral to intelligent vehicular systems, but their existence poses significant challenges due to conflicting requirements. Emergency short messages demand ultra-low latency and strict reliability, while AR contents require larger data transfers with more flexible but still location-sensitive deadlines. To address this, a joint problem of roadside unit (RSU) assignment and transmission scheduling in multi-server, multi-user MEC-enabled vehicular networks is studied. The problem is formulated as an NP-hard optimization task and a two-stage framework is proposed. First, the penalty-minimizing RSU selection (PMRS) algorithm assigns requested content to RSUs by minimizing combined deadline and coverage penalties. Then a hybrid scheduling algorithm called deadline-aware priority scheduling (DAPS) is proposed, which integrates earliest-deadline-first and simulated annealing to prioritize emergency traffic while efficiently serving AR content. We benchmark the proposed framework against classical heuristics and metaheuristics. The results verify that the proposed approach can outperform the baseline methods under various realistic vehicular mobility and traffic conditions.

Source: Applied Sciences

DOI: 10.3390/app16073195

Authors: Ehsan Ahmed Niloy, Shathee Akter, Seokhoon Yoon

Institution: University of Ulsan

Language: English

Topic: Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)

Subfield: Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Field: Engineering

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDGs: Sustainable cities and communities, Industry, innovation and infrastructure

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,896