Multigenerational and gender-symmetric transmission of migration behaviors in historical Quebec
Year: 2026
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Migration decisions are embedded in social and family trajectories that escape traditional data sources, which tend to observe individuals in isolation. Genealogical microdata now make it possible to trace these dynamics over long time horizons. This paper documents how prior generations' migration histories shape future internal migration behavior, leveraging rich historical microdata spanning over two centuries and multiple generations at the scale of an entire population (Quebec, Canada; 1621-1861). As the cultural norm preserved women's maiden names throughout the life course, genealogies could be assembled as exhaustively for women as for men. Using residential trajectories reconstructed from these linked vital data, the study shows that the mobility of married couples depends on both spouses' parents' and grandparents' migration histories. Descendants of migratory people are substantially more likely than their peers from sedentary families to migrate themselves, the effect of the grandparental generation being about half that of the parental generation. These effects compound such that couples with multiple migratory ascendants are even more likely to migrate. Moreover, husbands' and wives' migration backgrounds are equally predictive of their joint mobility decisions, suggesting a substantial role of women in shaping couples' mobility and challenging the conventional assumption that migration decisions were historically made by men. These results reveal deep family history as an underexplored axis of migrant selection. The long-lasting influence of family should be integrated in migration theories.
Author: Marielle Côté-Gendreau
Institution: Princeton University
Language: English
Topic: Migration and Labor Dynamics
Subfield: Sociology and Political Science
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
SDG: Reduced inequalities
Open Access status: hybrid
OpenAlex ID: W7140872541