Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Springback Characteristics in DP450, DP600, DP800, and DP1000 Dual-Phase Steels for Automotive Industry
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: In the automotive industry, the most critical factor affecting dimensional stability during the forming of Advanced High-Strength Steels (AHSSs) is the springback phenomenon. This study systematically investigates the springback behavior of four distinct dual-phase steel grades (DP450, DP600, DP800, and DP1000) in U-shaped body-in-white (BIW) structures across 180 distinct scenarios. The experimental design varied sheet thicknesses (1.2, 1.6, 2 mm), die clearance angles (5°, 10°, 15°), and bending radii (R6, R8, R10, R12, R14). Numerical simulations using Autoform R8 were validated against Atos 3D optical scanning data, achieving values exceeding 0.90 for all grades. Quantitative validation metrics showed exceptional fidelity for lower-strength grades with error margins below 1.1%, while the maximum deviation was limited to 3.1% for the ultra-high-strength DP1000 grade. The findings demonstrate that while increasing material strength substantially intensifies springback, the strategic augmentation of sheet thickness and optimization of die radius effectively mitigate these deviations, thereby enhancing process stability.
Source: Applied Sciences
DOI: 10.3390/app16073259
Authors: Berna Tunalı, Mehmet Erdem
Institution: Kütahya Dumlupınar Üniversitesi
Language: English
Subfield: Mechanical Engineering
Field: Engineering
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,896
OpenAlex ID: W7141104518
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