Work

Successful Endoscope-Assisted Transcervical Insemination (TCI) in Dogs Using Sperm Recovered from Epididymides Stored at 5 °C for 24 h After Castration Prior to Semen Collection and Cryopreservation

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: The recovery and cryopreservation of epididymal spermatozoa enable genetic preservation in male dogs that die unexpectedly or require castration; however, sperm collection is typically performed immediately after surgery, and artificial insemination is often surgical. This study aimed to evaluate whether epididymides stored at 4–5 °C for 24 h prior to sperm recovery retain fertilizing capacity after cryopreservation and whether pregnancy can be achieved using endoscopically guided transcervical intrauterine insemination. Testes and epididymides from an eight-month-old German Shepherd dog were stored in physiological saline at 4–5 °C for 24 h following castration. Spermatozoa were recovered from the cauda epididymis using single-incision aspiration, evaluated, frozen according to the Uppsala method, and stored in liquid nitrogen for two months. After thawing, 62 × 106 progressive motile spermatozoa were inseminated once into a bitch in heat using transcervical endoscopic guidance. Pregnancy was confirmed by ultrasonography, and nine healthy puppies were delivered at term. These findings demonstrate that 24 h refrigerated storage of the epididymis does not impair post-thaw fertilizing ability and that non-surgical transcervical intrauterine insemination represents an effective alternative to surgical techniques for the use of frozen–thawed epididymal semen in dogs.

Source: Veterinary Sciences

DOI: 10.3390/vetsci13040326