Gravitational Vortex Interpretation of Black Holes as an Alternative to Central Singularities
Year: 2026
Type: preprint
Abstract: The standard interpretation of black holes as objects containing a central singularity of infinite density is a consequence of extending classical general relativity into a regime where its physical description may no longer be reliable. This paper proposes an alternative interpretation grounded in the dynamics of the Kerr metric: black holes are gravitational vortices whose event horizons mark a relativistic causal boundary in the exterior geometry, without requiring any physically established central singularity. The event horizon is interpreted physically as a relativistic causal boundary of the exterior metric, while the familiar Newtonian escape-velocity analogy is retained only as a heuristic and not as a literal derivation of the horizon. The Kerr metric for rotating black holes naturally describes a vortex-like structure, with the ergosphere and frame-dragging providing geometric manifestations of rotational dynamics. The formal singular structure at r = 0 in the Kerr solution is interpreted as a signal that the classical interior description has been extended beyond its reliable physical domain, and not as a directly established infinite-density physical object. Every directly confirmed observational feature of black hole candidates discussed here is consistent with the vortex interpretation: event horizons, accretion disks, relativistic jets, gravitational lensing, gravitational wave emission from mergers, and black hole shadow images obtained by the Event Horizon Telescope. Flat or flattened galactic rotation-curve behaviour is discussed as a consequence of the BFUT Spaticle-field formulation and its associated simulations. The standard black hole information paradox is potentially weakened under the vortex interpretation because the central singularity is no longer treated as a physically established mechanism of information destruction. This updated edition incorporates the Universal Centrality Rule as a central BFUT prediction: every galaxy is expected to possess a primary black hole or gravitational vortex at its dynamical centre. No confirmed galaxy has been observed in which the primary galactic black hole or dominant central mass concentration is absent from the galactic centre. The existence of additional, smaller black holes or developing gravitational vortices elsewhere in a galaxy does not contradict this claim. The paper therefore distinguishes the primary central vortex from secondary local vortices and defines explicit observational conditions that would falsify the centrality hypothesis.
Author: Sharma, Vijay Shankar
Language: English
Subfield: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Field: Physics and Astronomy
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W7142099650
Cites:
Cited by:
Related to: