NIBS-BIDS: an extension to the brain imaging data structure for non-invasive brain stimulation
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: The Brain Imaging Data Structure (BIDS) is a community standard for organizing and sharing neuroimaging data. Here we present NIBS-BIDS (BEP037), an extension of BIDS for non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) data. This specification introduces a dedicated nibs/ datatype with a scalable framework for storing stimulation parameters, modality-specific device metadata, spatial targeting information, and event-level synchronization for transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), transcranial electrical stimulation (tES), and transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS). We describe the proposed data structure, its design rationale, and its intended role in facilitating reproducible NIBS research.
Authors: Bertazzoli, Giacomo, Shevtsov, Oleg, Bulgari, Martina, Fried, Peter, Guidali, Giacomo, Iacovella, Vittorio, Marcantoni, Eleonora, Bergmann, Til Ole, Breuer, Friederike, De Smet, Stefanie, Deng, Zhi-De, Feurra, Matteo, Gau, Remi, Halchenko, Yaroslav, Julio C., Hernandez-Pavon, Holmes, Nicholas P, Hopkins, Amber, Isabella, Silvia, Makarova, Milana, Niso, Guiomar, Oathes, Desmond, Pellegrino, Giovanni, Rotstein, Natalie, Victor H., Souza, Vijayakumar, Suhas, Vinding, Mikkel Christoffer, Kuhn, Taylor, Bortoletto, Marta, Rogasch, Nigel
Institutions: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, National Research University Higher School of Economics, University of Milano-Bicocca, University of Trento, University of Glasgow, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Ghent University, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institute of Mental Health, McGill University, Dartmouth College, Kansas State University, University of Birmingham, University of California, Los Angeles, Università Campus Bio-Medico, Baycrest Academy for Research and Education, Instituto Cajal, University of Pennsylvania, Western University, Aalto University, University of Copenhagen, Karolinska Institutet, IMT School for Advanced Studies Lucca, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide University, Monash University, The University of Adelaide
Language: English
Subfield: Neurology
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: green
Funder: National Institutes of Health
OpenAlex ID: W7142891225