Effluent Quality Trends of a Vocational School WWTP (2021–2024) and Performance of a Mini Water Hyacinth Wetland as a Polishing Unit
Year: 2026
Type: article
Abstract: This study evaluates whether effluent compliance also implies ecological safety in a vocational-school WWTP in Padang, Indonesia. We analyzed semester effluent data (2021–2024) and an influent–effluent snapshot (October 2025), then tested a mini water hyacinth wetland as a polishing unit (Eichhornia crassipes; 13 L; ~8-day HRT). Variables included pH, BOD, COD, NH3-N, and selected metals. COD and BOD consistently met the national effluent standard, whereas pH showed episodic extremes. Snapshot removal was high for organics (BOD 98.9%; COD 90.4) but moderate for NH3-N (47.1%) under acidic influent. The wetland raised pH and improved Fe/Cu removal yet increased COD and NH3-N, indicating a need for better pH control, nitrification, and polishing design
Authors: Desrita Gevia, Erismar Amri, Nefilinda
Institution: Universitas PGRI Sumatera Barat
Language: English
Subfield: Waste Management and Disposal
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W7143360363