Work

Outcomes of Difficult-to-Treat Ulcerative Colitis: Impact of Primary Nonresponse vs Secondary Loss of Response to Prior Therapies

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: Treatment options for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) have expanded significantly in the last decade; however, a substantial proportion of patients does not attain or maintain disease remission. “Difficult-to-treat” (DTT) IBD has been defined as failure to respond to 2 advanced therapies with different mechanisms of action, with 19% patients treated with advanced therapies meeting criteria in a referral center study.1,2 It is unclear whether outcomes differ based on reasons for failure of prior advanced therapies—primary nonresponse (PNR; defined as lack of response to induction therapy despite attempted optimization, which often reflects mechanistic failure) vs secondary loss of response (LOR; defined as loss of response during maintenance therapy after initial clinical improvement, either due to immunogenicity or immunologic escape).

Source: Gastro Hep Advances

DOI: 10.1016/j.gastha.2026.100949

Authors: Terry Lou, Yuchen Qi, Melissa Kirkpatrick, Brigid S. Boland, Siddharth Singh

Institutions: University of California San Diego, Mayo Clinic in Arizona

Language: English

Topic: Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Subfield: Genetics

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Domain: Life Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,000