Work

Integumentary fibrosarcoma in a free‐living swan ( Cygnus olor ): Medical and welfare considerations

Year: 2026

Type: article

Abstract: A 10‐kg adult male mute swan ( Cygnus olor ) of unknown age was admitted for investigations of two large ventral masses overlying the keel bone, which were discharging purulent material. The masses measured 8.9 × 2.1 cm and 4.2 × 3.2 cm. Empirical treatment with non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs and antimicrobials was instigated. The masses continued growing, and the patient lost 1.4 kg in 21 days. Haematology and biochemistry denoted leukopenia and heterophilia, consistent with systemic inflammation. Core biopsies and culture and sensitivity were taken under general anaesthetic, revealing fibrosarcoma and a mixed population of Staphylococcus sciuri and Acinetobacter baumannii , with oxacillin resistance. Euthanasia was chosen in the swan's best interests. Integumentary neoplasia is common in pet birds; however, this is the first report in a swan. Practitioners must remain cognizant of ethical implications of releasing a free‐ranging animal with neoplasia and for protracted hospitalisation. Biopsy, when safe and practicable, can be utilised.

Source: Veterinary Record Case Reports

DOI: 10.1002/vrc2.70429

Authors: Rachael Amy McKinney, Katherine Hughes

Institutions: University of Cambridge, Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals

Language: English

Topic: Veterinary Oncology Research

Subfield: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine

Field: Medicine

Domain: Health Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: hybrid

Estimated APC paid: $1,480