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A Systematic Review of Intragroup Aggression Among Prisoners: Proposing the Diffusion Model

Year: 2026

Type: review

Abstract: To date, there has been no attempt to synthesize research into prisoner-to-prisoner aggression. The current paper identified 362 articles, with 59 entering the review. A thematic analysis produced six superordinate themes capturing individual/social risk markers, who were involved, attitudes, environmental factors, a role for fear, and staff involvement. Findings are integrated into a proposed model – the Diffusion Model for intraGroup Aggression among Prisoners [DM-GAP]. This presents an understanding as to the causes of intragroup aggression and how incidents can be formulated. Future research should build on the unique factors underpinning intragroup aggression, emphasizing more the role of the environment.

Source: Journal of Forensic Psychology Research and Practice

DOI: 10.1080/24732850.2026.2650771

Authors: Jane L. Ireland, Nisali Perera, Philip Birch, Lisa Maria Beethoven Steene, Mareike Dannemann, Carol A. Ireland

Institutions: Liverpool John Moores University, Maastricht University, University of Technology Sydney, University of Lancashire, University of Greater Manchester

Language: English

Topic: Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis

Subfield: Sociology and Political Science

Field: Social Sciences

Domain: Social Sciences

SDG: Peace, justice, and strong institutions

Open Access status: hybrid

OpenAlex ID: W7150730632

FWCI: 7.541

Cites: 72

Cited by: 2

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